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Hinkley Point C nuclear power station is a project to construct a 3,200 MWe nuclear power station with two European Pressurised Reactors in Somerset, England.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.itv.com/news/2013-10-21/government-closes-historic-deal-to-build-first-nuclear-plant-in-a-generation-hinkley-point/ )〕 The site is one of eight announced by the British government in 2010, and on 26 November 2012 a nuclear site licence was granted.〔 In October 2014, the European Commission adjusted the "gain-share mechanism" so that the project does not break state-aid rules.〔 Financing for the project will be provided "by the mainly state-owned EDF () state-owned CGN will pay £6bn for one third of it". EDF may sell up to 15% of their stake.〔 ==History== In January 2008, the UK government gave the go-ahead for a new generation of nuclear power stations to be built. Hinkley Point C, in conjunction with Sizewell C, was expected to contribute 13% of UK electricity by the early 2020s.〔 EDF, which is 85% owned by the French government, purchased British Energy, now EDF Energy Nuclear Generation Ltd, for £12.4 billion in a deal that was finalised in February 2009. This deal was part of a joint venture with UK utility Centrica, who acquired a 20% stake in EDF Energy Nuclear Generation Ltd as well as the option to participate in EDF Energy's UK new nuclear build programme. In September 2008, EDF, the new owners of Hinkley Point B, announced plans to build a third, twin-unit European Pressurised Reactor (EPR) reactor at Hinkley Point, to join Hinkley Point A (Magnox), which is now closed and being decommissioned, and the Hinkley Point B (AGR), which has a closure date for accounting purposes of 2023 but is likely to be closed much later. On 18 October 2010, the British government announced that Hinkley Point – already the site of the disused Hinkley Point A and the still operational Hinkley Point B power stations – was one of the eight sites it considered suitable for future nuclear power stations.〔 NNB Generation Company, a subsidiary of EDF, submitted an application for development consent to the Infrastructure Planning Commission on 31 October 2011.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Infrastructure Planning Commission )〕 In October 2013, the government announced that it had approved subsidized feed-in prices for the electricity production of Hinkley Point C., with the plant expected to be completed in 2023 and remain operational for 60 years.〔 In 2011, Elizabeth Gass sold some 230 acres of her Fairfield estate at Hinkley Point for about £50 million. There are conflicting reports about whether the land was for the development of nuclear power or a wind farm. A protest group, Stop Hinkley, was formed to campaign for the closure of Hinkley Point B and oppose any expansion at the Hinkley Point site. In October 2011, more than 200 protesters blockaded the site. In December 2013, the European Commission opened an investigation to assess whether the project breaks state-aid rules with reports suggesting the government's plan may well constitute illegal state aid. In February 2013, Centrica withdrew from the new nuclear construction programme, citing building costs that were higher than it had anticipated, caused by larger generators at Hinkley Point C, and a longer construction timescale, caused by modifications added after the Fukushima disaster. In March 2013 a group of MPs and academics, concerned that the 'talks lack the necessary democratic accountability, fiscal and regulatory checks and balances', called for the National Audit Office to conduct a detailed review of the negotiations between the Department of Energy and Climate Change and EDF. In December 2013, the European Commission opened an investigation to assess whether the project breaks state-aid rules. Joaquín Almunia, the EU Competition Commissioner, referred to the plans as "a complex measure of an unprecedented nature and scale"〔 and said that the European Commission is not "not under any legal time pressure to complete the investigation". In January 2014, an initial critical report was published, indicating the government's plan may well constitute illegal state aid, requiring a formal state aid investigation examining the subsidies.〔 David Howarth, a former Liberal Democrat MP, doubted "whether this is a valid contract at all" under EU and English Law.〔 Franz Leidenmuhler (University of Linz, a specialist in EU state aid cases and European competition law, wrote that "a rejection is nearly unavoidable. The Statement of the Commission in its first findings of December 18, 2013, is too clear. I do not think that some conditions could change that clear result."〔 In March 2014, the Court of Appeal allowed An Taisce, the National Trust for Ireland, to challenge the legality of decision by the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change to grant development consent. An Taisce lawyers say there was a failure to undertake "transboundary consultation” as required by the European Commission’s Environmental Impact Assessment Directive. Lord Justice Sullivan said that "he did not venture that it had a real prospect of success, it was desirable that the court should give a definitive view as to whether there should be a reference to the Court of Justice of the European Union and, if not, on the meaning of the Directive". In July 2014 the Court of Appeal rejected An Taisce's application on the basis 'that severe nuclear accidents were very unlikely... no matter how low the threshold for a "likely" significant effect on the environment... the likelihood of a nuclear accident was so low that it could be ruled out even applying the stricter Waddenzee approach' The UN, under the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context, ordered the Department for Communities and Local Government to send a delegation to face the committee in December 2014, on the “profound suspicion” that the UK failed to properly consult neighbouring countries. On 22 September 2014, news leaked that "discussions with the UK authorities have led to an agreement. On this basis, vice-president Almunia will propose to the college of commissioners to take a positive decision in this case. In principle a decision should be taken within this mandate" with a final decision expected in October 2014.〔 On 8 October 2014 it was announced that the European Commission had approved the project, with an overwhelming majority and only four commissioners voting against the decision.〔 The European Commission adjusted the "gain-share mechanism" whereby higher profits are shared with UK taxpayers.〔 In June 2015, the Austrian government filed a legal complaint with the European Commission on the subject of the state subsidies. In September 2015, EDF admitted that the project will not complete in 2023, with a further announcement on the final investment decision expected in October 2015. Earlier plans to announce Areva and 'other investors' have been dropped: "in order to have speed, in the first phase EDF and the Chinese will be the investors". A report by the IEA and NEA suggests privatization as one of the causes for British nuclear power being more expensive than nuclear power in other countries.〔(Joint IEA-NEA report details plunge in costs of producing electricity from renewables ) (Summary )〕〔http://www.globalconstructionreview.com/sectors/report-claims-uk-nuclear-costs-hi7g7he7st-world/〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hinkley Point C nuclear power station」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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